Bans on the Pit Bull Terrier free essay sample

Topic: Bans on the Pit Bull Terrier General Purpose: To argue Specific Purpose: To argue that there should not be bans on Pit Bull Terriers Thesis Statement: Bans on Pit Bull Terriers should not exist because; (1) Pit Bull breed are not any different from other dog species; (2) most evidence condemning the Pit Bull is inaccurate or a skewed regurgitation from the media; and (3) a ban would, and has, caused more work and regulations than necessary. Introduction l. [Attention Getter] As of now any pets you have come to love are now illegal to own. So when you get home, you can Just send them to the shelter to be euthanized. A. Chances are you would not be very happy doing that. II. [Establish Controversy/Justify Topic] Although it may seem ridiculous you do this to your furry family it is happening all over the country by city legislations banning the Pit Bull terrier and any dogs resembling it. We will write a custom essay sample on Bans on the Pit Bull Terrier or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A. Id like to establish exactly what a pit bull is and remove any confusion or doubt about the breed. 1. Ken Foster, the author of Im a Good Dog: Pit Bulls, Americas Most Beautiful (and Misunderstood) Pet describes the Pit Bull as exuberant, affectionate, loyal, block-headed, athletic, ridiculous, occasionally stubborn, challenging, rewarding, and loved. A pit bull is American, and like most Americans these dogs are a Jumble of DNA and contradictions, which is naturally what pit bull lovers love most about their dogs. 2. Pit Bulls, physically, are known for their muscular features and large, thick heads. These along with an aggressive stature and powerful looking Jaws are all reasonable cause for thinking this dog looks dangerous. a. The key in this is how they look not act. Some people prefer tougher looking dogs; like preferring a Mustang to a Prius. B. In fact, some of the largest cities in the world are striving to drive an entire species of dog off the planet. . Bans are strict in Denver and Miami and are being seriously discussed in more local towns such as Burley and Coeur DAlene. Ill. [Credibility Statement] My concerns for these special kinds of dogs are not simply backed by internet browsing. A. I used to be the owner of an American Pit bull Terrier that has unfortunately past away. B. But in 7 years of life Louie had never hurt a single person. V. [Preview/Thesis Statement] Bans on the Pit Bull Terrier should not be allowed mainly because: A. First, Pit Bulls are no different than other dog species. B. Perhaps surprisingly to you all, Pit Bulls had the lowest PSI of all three species. 5. Pit Bulls attack more people than any other breed. a. Statistically this is true. (Clifton) i. In reported dog bites from the early sixties Pit Bulls have been at the top of lists. b. However, the datas origins in this argument are the main fault of these observations. Time and time again Pit Bull attack evidence is lacking. i. The victims who have been attacked by stranger dogs usually do not have the state of mind to correctly identify the dog. Most people see Pit bull as a title for many different breeds of dog. li. So they become the easy scapegoat. Transition: Even if any of these claims had truth, it still is too much of a hassle to pass the bans and keep them enforced. Ill. [Second Level of Subordination] Banning Pit Bulls would require even more paper work and regulations than required in the pet owning business. A. Enforcing laws and bans would be an absolute nightmare. 1. The Paper work for each dog and dog breeder would be impossible to keep up with, even with electronic files and our modern technology. 2. Legal actions, prosecution, court dates, fines, arrests. It is Just too much to do for a dog. a The money and time spent tor the Judicial system would be atrociously misused This law would devastate the pets and pet owners who have strong bonds between their pets. Mans best friend. 1 . Under these conditions pet owners are forced to make the decision of giving up their dog or moving to a town where Pit Bulls are legal. a. Decided to move they would leave their friends, their Job, and their home. . Decided to stay the Pit Bull would have to be sent away to another home or to a shelter. i. Most people have no idea that at many animal shelters across the country, any pit bull that comes through the front door does not go out the back door alive. From California to New York, many shelters have enacted policies requiring the automatic disposal of the ever-growing number of pits they encounter. (Phillips) Transition: Regardless of your desire to own a Pit Bull in the future I hope that t his speech has set your mind at ease about the so called dangers of Pit Bulls. Conclusion l. Restatement [summary of main ideas] Once more, we should not have these bans because of the three reasons I have Just gone over. A. First, Pit Bulls are no different than other dog species. B. Second, most evidence condemning the Pit Bull is on false pretenses. C. Finally, a ban would, and has, caused more work and regulations than necessary. II. Now you are educated towards Pit Bulls and know what decision to make when they try to make our pets, nice friendly dogs, illegal. Enthymeme Assignment 1 . [Hypothetical Enthymeme] Major Premise: If bans on Pit Bulls are passed, Pit Bulls will not be legal to own. Minor Premise: You cant own illegal things.

Free Essays on Love And Sacrifice

Good morning everyone. Today I am going to speak on love and sacrifice. My examples of love and sacrifice are from the book â€Å"Jillaroo† by Rachael Treasure, the song â€Å"Butterfly Kisses† by Bob Carlisle, and the movie â€Å"Ring of fire† produced by Paramount pictures. In the story â€Å"Jillaroo†, there are many forms of love and Sacrifice. Rebecca Saunders sacrifices her place on the family’s property â€Å"Water’s Meeting† to get away from her father. While working on a station in the Northern Territory as a Jillaroo, Rebecca falls in love with a man named Charlie Lewis (AKA. Basil Lewis, B N S King) Rebecca has to sacrifice the love of her life, Charlie, for her property â€Å"Waters Meeting†. Rebecca sacrifices everything she has in her life for Charlie, but little did Bec Know being with Charlie meant sacrificing her freedom and all the farming techniques she knew and loved all to live with Charlie and his Family. The â€Å"song butterfly kisses† is about a father who goes through his whole life taking care of his daughter and having her all to himself to love then he sacrifices her to be married. In this song the lyrics say she’ll make a promise, and I’ll give her away. Standing in the bride’s room just staring at her, she asked me what I’m thinking and I said ‘I’m not sure; I just feel I’m loosing my baby girl’. These lyrics explain exactly how the father feels. The movie, â€Å"Ring of Fire† is a very good example of love and sacrifice. After a serious bull riding accident Ely Braxton is told never to ride bulls again. Ely’s girlfriend Connie try’s to make Ely give up rodeo. Ely sacrifices Connie for his love of bull riding. Hank, Ely’s brother is getting together with Celia Jones. Ely accidentally steals Celia from Hank. Ely then realises what he has done and sacrifices Celia for Hank’s sake. In the end Hank makes the ultimate sacrifice (his life) while trying to save Ely from ... Free Essays on Love And Sacrifice Free Essays on Love And Sacrifice Good morning everyone. Today I am going to speak on love and sacrifice. My examples of love and sacrifice are from the book â€Å"Jillaroo† by Rachael Treasure, the song â€Å"Butterfly Kisses† by Bob Carlisle, and the movie â€Å"Ring of fire† produced by Paramount pictures. In the story â€Å"Jillaroo†, there are many forms of love and Sacrifice. Rebecca Saunders sacrifices her place on the family’s property â€Å"Water’s Meeting† to get away from her father. While working on a station in the Northern Territory as a Jillaroo, Rebecca falls in love with a man named Charlie Lewis (AKA. Basil Lewis, B N S King) Rebecca has to sacrifice the love of her life, Charlie, for her property â€Å"Waters Meeting†. Rebecca sacrifices everything she has in her life for Charlie, but little did Bec Know being with Charlie meant sacrificing her freedom and all the farming techniques she knew and loved all to live with Charlie and his Family. The â€Å"song butterfly kisses† is about a father who goes through his whole life taking care of his daughter and having her all to himself to love then he sacrifices her to be married. In this song the lyrics say she’ll make a promise, and I’ll give her away. Standing in the bride’s room just staring at her, she asked me what I’m thinking and I said ‘I’m not sure; I just feel I’m loosing my baby girl’. These lyrics explain exactly how the father feels. The movie, â€Å"Ring of Fire† is a very good example of love and sacrifice. After a serious bull riding accident Ely Braxton is told never to ride bulls again. Ely’s girlfriend Connie try’s to make Ely give up rodeo. Ely sacrifices Connie for his love of bull riding. Hank, Ely’s brother is getting together with Celia Jones. Ely accidentally steals Celia from Hank. Ely then realises what he has done and sacrifices Celia for Hank’s sake. In the end Hank makes the ultimate sacrifice (his life) while trying to save Ely from ...

The Paradoxes Entailed in America's Self-Evident Truths Essay

The Paradoxes Entailed in America's Self-Evident Truths - Essay Example Is American democracy a representative of a true democracy? Does it cater the smaller factions of society? Has the democratic system fostered the rights of liberty, justice, life and pursuit of happiness to good effect for masses once challenged by terrorism, racism, poverty and recession? What good it has brought to its people? Why does America deserve to lead world community? Finally, conclusion is inquired about by addressing the question that How American dream can be pursued in its true democratic meaning? Isn’t it strange that few render democracy as the bludgeoning of the people, by the people, for the people? On the other hand, for some, it is a government of all the people, by all the people, for all the people; a government after the principles of eternal justice, the unchanging law of God; the idea of freedom. Idea of democracy as rule of people traces its expression from Athens in ancient Greek. From a philosophical stand point doctrines of natural law evolved into the idea of natural rights, i.e., all people have certain rights, such as self-preservation, that cannot be taken from them. Then, why should majority rule minority? Tocqueville (1945) argues that the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people and the power of public opinion are corollaries to the idea of equality. If all are equal, then no one person has any basis to claim the right to rule other. The only just way to run a society, therefore, is to base decisions on the will of the majority. But does the fact accord moral justification to it? This question has triggered a debate between two main schools of thought in philosophy, naturalists and positivists, for centuries. Naturalists believe that a system of governance should primarily be moral in nature whereas positivists believe that question does not necessarily have be answered in a moral dictate as any law or system of governance posited by man should be taken as such and can be debated for its pros and cons independent of m oral enquiry. Many positivists justified Nazism using the argument. John Finnis (1983) argues that it was only the end of Nazism which marked revival of moral justifications of laws/system of government. Ironically, question of whim of a majority more moral than the whim of a dictator struggles to provide a definite answer.Yet the problem with democracy is that it can quite easily lead to despotism. Tocqueville (1945) believes that if there are no checks on the power of the majority to influence the government, then it will have absolute power and those in the minority will be helpless to resist. If all are equal then no opinion has greater weight than another. It is logical to conclude that the opinion held by the majority must be the best one. As a result, there is a tendency to abandon freedom of thought in democratic societies. Going against the opinion of the majority is seen as an indirect claim to the superiority of one's own opinion, which is directly contradictory to the pr inciple of equality. Kimon Lycos (1987) points out that Plato described democracy as a charming form of government, full of variety and disorder, and dispensing a sort of equality to equals and unequaled alike. Likewise, Tocqueville (1945) argues, "Formerly tyranny used the clumsy weapons of chains and hangmen; nowadays even despotism, though it seemed to have nothing to learn, has been perfected by civilization. . . Under the absolute government of a single man, despotism, to reach the soul,

Chinese Current Religion Development Situation Term Paper

Chinese Current Religion Development Situation - Term Paper Example Indeed, the religion has enjoyed a lot of support from the masses and became a guiding ideology in the Chinese context. However, Confucianism did not actually develop into a concrete national belief. Presently, over 85 % of the Chinese people subscribe to some form of religious orientation while the rest are regarded as real atheists. The atheists comprise those who do not have any religious guiding philosophy and do not engage in any religious activities in their lives. Since the beginning of Chinese history, religion in the country has always been characterized by pluralism. Religion in the country basically depends upon the free will of the people and does not really require any form of adherence. In this regard, Buddhism remains one of the most widely practiced forms of religion in the country. Indeed, this religion has a very rich history in the country dating back to the 1st century. In the same way, popular religion is one of the most widely accepted religious traditions. ... Christians make up close to 4% of the total population while Muslims stand at 1.5%. It is further important to note that several religious movements are scattered across the country considering that China is a very large country with a huge population. Many of the intellectuals in China mostly subscribe to Confucianism. Indeed, religion is a very integral part of Chinese society and this is clearly evidenced through the presence of many tall religious statues across the country. These statutes were created to represent various deities and religious personalities from the different forms of religion realized in the country (Clart, 54). The republic of China was established in 1949 and the government of the country is officially atheist. Indeed, the government views religion as a form of feudalism and an imposition of colonialism on the people and does not therefore support or regard any religion as above the other. However, the people of China are always free in terms of making their decisions. More importantly, the government has established a strong separation between the state and the church. Much of the changes with respect to religion were realized during the Cultural Revolution between 1966 and 1967 which was a policy basically geared towards the elimination of religions. During this time, many places of worship in the country were destroyed. There was a considerable relaxation of this policy in the 1970s which marked the end of the Revolution and subsequently religious expression was permitted in the country (Jenner, 46). The 1978 Constitution of China guarantees freedom of religion for everyone in Article 36. As such, it is a policy that no one shall be discriminated upon on the basis of their religion or compelled to join any religion. There

The Rise and Fall of the Iron Curtain Essay Example for Free

The Rise and Fall of the Iron Curtain Essay â€Å"Two thousand years ago the proudest boast was civis Romanus sum [I am a Roman citizen]. Today, in the world of freedom, the proudest boast is Ich bin ein Berliner! All free men, wherever they may live, are citizens of Berlin, and, therefore, as a free man, I take pride in the words Ich bin ein Berliner!† ~ John F. Kennedy (Introduction) The Berlin Wall was built in the dead of the night on August 13, 1961 and stood for about 28 years until the Wall finally came down on November 9, 1989. The history behind the creation and destruction of the Berlin Wall is truly tragic. It was built due to the fact that the relationship between the Soviet Union and the other three Allies was crumbling over different views and once World War II was finally over, it was clearly evident that they weren’t going to be able to resolve their issues. The Allies (Western Germany) wanted to help fix Germany after being conquered and turn it into a democracy, but The Soviet Union (East Germany) disagreed and wanted to make Germany Communist. Neither side wanted to budge with their views so each side continued life under their completely different controls with the split being within Berlin. While West Germany was prospering, East Germany was falling apart. They could of been compared as night and day from each other. At a certain point, East Germany was losing so many people to West Germany, that in the middle of the night, The Soviet Union built a â€Å"rough draft† of the Berlin Wall. The Berlin Wall was a split between East (Communist) and West (Democratic) Germany, but its destruction was almost as sudden as its creation. (Body) (Why the Berlin Wall was built) Before the Wall was built, people from either side could â€Å"freely† cross the boundaries every day for work or to just visit, but on August 13, 1961, that all changed. A quote that I found by Peter Galante summarized the day the Wall went up perfectly! â€Å"It was like splitting Manhattan down the middle of Fifth Avenue from the Battery to the Bronx; like splitting London with a zigzag line from Barnet to Croydon. . . . If you lived on one side and your office was on the other, you couldnt go to work. . . . If your mother lived on one side and you lived on the other, you couldnt go visit her. . . . The aim was simple and brutal: to shut a people in and annex to Communist East Germany what she had not been given by agreement, East Berlin. Its effect was cruel and horrible. At seven in the morning on the first day, a man went to see his child. Barbed wire, concrete blocks and armed police stood between them. For the people, it produced misery. From the people, it produced fortitude and heroism (Galante, 1965).† There are many reason of why the Berlin Wall built. One reason was due to the fact of economic reasons – too many people were moving from East to West Germany and this was crumbling East Germany faster. The second reason was political – West Germany was prospering and East Germany simply was not. (finish) (Why the Wall caused so much controversy) It is almost bluntly obvious to why the Berlin Wall caused so much controversy among the citizens of both East and West Germany. When the Wall first went up, it abruptly separated entire families, kept people from their jobs, and just basically tore people’s lives apart. No matter what they tried to do, they weren’t able to get through the boarders without some kind of conscience happening – being shot or attacked. People from East Germany tried to apply for visa’s to travel to West Germany and were regularly denied. Little by little, with the communist rule of East Germany locking its people within the city, people slowly but surely became frustrated and upset, which they had every right to be. (talk about different things people did to try and escape from East Germany) (Why is came down) (What was the aftershock of the wall coming down) (What is the significance of this event to today’s society) For almost 30 years, the sections of that Berlin Wall that still remain were the iron and concrete embodiment of the symbolic Iron Curtain between western democracies and the Communist world of the Soviet Union. I dont know if the wall itself has any impact today other than as a reminder of how bad things were in Eastern Europe in the early 1960s until the end of Communism there in the late 80s and early 90s. However, today we think of international terrorism, usually from the Middle East as the major threat, but when it was built by the Soviets and East Germans in August, 1961, the fear of Communism and nuclear war was as strong as the fear of Islamic terrorists, today, maybe stronger. (help?) (Conclusion) Today, although there is barely anything left of the Berlin Wall besides what is left as memorials of that horrible event, the scares of those 28 years are still â€Å"fresh† to those who had to go through or even witness that kind of torture. It is hard for us to truly imagine what life was like during that time. Having your town, city, state split straight down the middle, separated from friends, families, and loved ones for years by concrete and iron, and not being able to see them – that is truly unimaginable. I know I can’t imagine being separated from my family and knowing that if I â€Å"tried† to get passed that wall to see them, that I would either be shot, attacked by dogs, or something else, is scary. (need help finishing this) Bibliography Galante, P. (1965). The Berlin Wall. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.; 1St Edition edition (1965).

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) :: Research Essays Papers

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) There are different characteristics that accompany FAS in the different stages of a child's life. "At birth, infants with intrauterine exposure to alcohol frequently have low birth rate; pre-term delivery; a small head circumference; and the characteri stic facial features of the eyes, nose, and mouth" (Phelps, 1995, p. 204). Some of the facial abnormalities that are common of children with FAS are: microcephaly, small eye openings, broad nasal bridge, flattened mid-faces, thin upper lip, skin folds at the corners of the eyes, indistinct groove on the upper lip, and an abnormal smallness of the lower jaw (Wekselman, Spiering, Hetteberg, Kenner, & Flandermeyer, 1995; Phelps, 1995). These infants also display developmental delays, psychomotor retardatio n, and cognitive deficits. As a child with FAS progresses into preschool physical, cognitive and behavioral abnormalities are more noticeable. These children are not the average weight and height compared to the children at the same age level. Cognitive manifestations is another problem with children who have FAS. "Studies have found that preschoolers with FAS generally score in the mentally handicapped to dull normal range of intelligence" (Phelps, 1995, p. 205). Children with FAS usually h ave language delay problems during their preschool years. Research has also shown that these children exhibit poorly articulated language, delayed use of sentences or more complex grammatical units, and inadequate comprehension (Phelps, 1995). There are many behavioral characteristics that are common among children with FAS. The most common characteristic is hyperactivity (Phelps, 1995). "Hyperactivity is found in 85% of FAS-affected children regardless of IQ" (Wekeselman et al., 1995, p. 299 ). School failure, behavior management difficulties, and safety issues are some of the problems associated with hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. Another behavioral abnormality of with children with FAS, is social problems. "Specific diffic ulties included inability to respect personal boundaries, inappropriately affectionate, demanding of attention, bragging, stubborn, poor peer relations, and overly tactile in social interactions" (Phelps, 1995, p. 206). Children are sometimes not diagnosed with FAS until they reach kindergarten and are in a real school setting. School-aged children with FAS still have most of the same physical and mental problems that were diagnosed when they were younger. The craniofa cial malformations is one of the only physical characteristic that diminishes during late childhood (Phelps, 1995). "Several studies have evaluated specific areas of cognitive dysfunction in school-age children exposed prenatally to alcohol. Researchers have substantiated: (a) short term memory deficits in verbal and visual material; (b) inadequate processing of inf ormation, reflected b sparse integration of information and poor quality of responses; (c) Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) :: Research Essays Papers Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) There are different characteristics that accompany FAS in the different stages of a child's life. "At birth, infants with intrauterine exposure to alcohol frequently have low birth rate; pre-term delivery; a small head circumference; and the characteri stic facial features of the eyes, nose, and mouth" (Phelps, 1995, p. 204). Some of the facial abnormalities that are common of children with FAS are: microcephaly, small eye openings, broad nasal bridge, flattened mid-faces, thin upper lip, skin folds at the corners of the eyes, indistinct groove on the upper lip, and an abnormal smallness of the lower jaw (Wekselman, Spiering, Hetteberg, Kenner, & Flandermeyer, 1995; Phelps, 1995). These infants also display developmental delays, psychomotor retardatio n, and cognitive deficits. As a child with FAS progresses into preschool physical, cognitive and behavioral abnormalities are more noticeable. These children are not the average weight and height compared to the children at the same age level. Cognitive manifestations is another problem with children who have FAS. "Studies have found that preschoolers with FAS generally score in the mentally handicapped to dull normal range of intelligence" (Phelps, 1995, p. 205). Children with FAS usually h ave language delay problems during their preschool years. Research has also shown that these children exhibit poorly articulated language, delayed use of sentences or more complex grammatical units, and inadequate comprehension (Phelps, 1995). There are many behavioral characteristics that are common among children with FAS. The most common characteristic is hyperactivity (Phelps, 1995). "Hyperactivity is found in 85% of FAS-affected children regardless of IQ" (Wekeselman et al., 1995, p. 299 ). School failure, behavior management difficulties, and safety issues are some of the problems associated with hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. Another behavioral abnormality of with children with FAS, is social problems. "Specific diffic ulties included inability to respect personal boundaries, inappropriately affectionate, demanding of attention, bragging, stubborn, poor peer relations, and overly tactile in social interactions" (Phelps, 1995, p. 206). Children are sometimes not diagnosed with FAS until they reach kindergarten and are in a real school setting. School-aged children with FAS still have most of the same physical and mental problems that were diagnosed when they were younger. The craniofa cial malformations is one of the only physical characteristic that diminishes during late childhood (Phelps, 1995). "Several studies have evaluated specific areas of cognitive dysfunction in school-age children exposed prenatally to alcohol. Researchers have substantiated: (a) short term memory deficits in verbal and visual material; (b) inadequate processing of inf ormation, reflected b sparse integration of information and poor quality of responses; (c)

Diagnosis of an Infected Patient Essay Essay

As we know bacteria comes in various classes and are distinguished by their shapes, chemical configuration, source of energy either sunlight or chemicals, nutritional requisites and biochemical actions. We have a patient that may be infected with an unknown bacterial infection; we’ve collected a sputum sample and will be testing for one of the following genera: Bacillus, Escherichia and Mycoplasma. In order to determine which one of the three may be the source of the infection we have to recognize the characteristics of each one and the staining protocol needed to identify them. All three of the above mentioned genera are considered to be members of the Prokaryotic cell family which includes bacteria. They have certain identifiable features that distinguishes them from Eukaryotes such as: â€Å"Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane† and â€Å"they usually divide by binary fusion, organelles are not encompassed within the membrane and the cell walls usually consis t of complex polysaccharides peptidoglycan† (Tortora, 2013). When researching the differences among the three genera’s each have specific characteristics that distinguishes one from another; Mycoplasma are the smallest members of the prokaryote family, due to their size they lack cell walls or have a scant amount of wall material, but they are known to thrive and reproduce outside the living host cells. The plasma membranes of this bacteria contain lipids (sterols) to protect them from lysis (Tortora, 2013). Bacillus are rod shaped bacteria that are usually presented as singular (single bacilli); however when they divide into pairs they’re called Diplobacilli and when appearing as a chain it’s known as streptobacilli; there’s also bacillus that resemble cocci and are referred to as cocobacilli. Escherichia also known as E. coli is a rod shaped bacteria consisting of â€Å"flagellar protein† known as H- antigens to help differentiate the various servoar within the E. coli strain. In order to continue with our investigation as to which genera is causing the infection we must determine the appropriate staining method for each bacteria listed above. Let’s begin with Mycoplasma because this genera has a very thin or lacks a cell wall we will consider this a â€Å"Gram- positive† bacteria. If mycoplasma retains its structure, size and capsules that’s an indication of  the type of bacteria causing the infection in the patient. Bacillus are part of the prokaryotic cell family containing a thin layer of peptidoglycan; however they are spore forming; this trait helps to identify them as â€Å"gram-positive†. Step (1) in the staining process is adding the sputum to the slide, step (2) is applying heat to the sample, step (3) adding crystal-violet dye which turns the cytoplasm cells purple and applying mordant to the specimen, step (4) wash with de-coloring solution (alcohol) which causes the peptidoglycan to become more impermeable crystal –violet and iodine, step (5) counterstain is absorbed and is masked by the primary purple dye that was previously absorbed by the â€Å"gram-positive† cell s (pg. 86). It’s during this step when the microbes are identified. While the bacillus is in the aging process some cells die and give the appearance of gram-negative bacteria; these are known as â€Å"gram-variable† (Tortora, 2013). Escherichia (E.coli) these rod shaped microorganisms have a thick outer membrane; however they are non-spore forming; therefore they are considered â€Å"gram-negative† cells. The steps in the staining of â€Å"gram-negative† cells are as follows: Step (1) in the staining process is adding the sputum to the slide, step (2) is applying heat to the sample to allow the sample to remain on the slide, step (3) adding crystal-violet dye which turns the cytoplasm cells purple then apply mordant to the specimen, step (4) wash with de-coloring solution (alcohol) which allows the crystal violet-iodine to diffuse through holes in the peptidoglycan layer of the cell, step (5) add the counterstain which turns the specimen red/pink this process helps to identify the microbes; as they lack color (Tortora, 2013). Wi thout color we would be unable to identify the microorganisms creating the infections created by â€Å"gram-negative† bacteria because they are color-less. References: Tortora, Funke, Case: Microbiology an Introduction 2013 (11th edition).